Hypothermia

Overview

Hypothermia occurs when body temperature drops too low, typically below about 35°C. It can develop in cold weather, immersion, wind, wet clothing, or after prolonged exhaustion.

Signs and Symptoms

• Shivering, cold skin, or pale appearance
• Clumsiness, poor coordination, or stumbling
• Slurred speech, confusion, or unusual behaviour
• Tiredness, drowsiness, or reduced consciousness
• Slow breathing or weak pulse in severe cases

First Aid

• Follow DRSABCD.
• Move the person out of cold, wind, or wet conditions if safe.
• Handle them gently and keep them as still as possible.
• Remove wet clothing and replace with dry clothing or blankets.
• Insulate the whole body, including the head and neck.
• Move to a warm environment and give warm sweet drinks only if fully conscious and able to swallow.
• Call 000 for severe hypothermia, reduced consciousness, worsening symptoms, or if evacuation is needed.

Do Not

• Do not use alcohol.
• Do not rub or massage cold limbs.
• Do not use rapid rewarming such as hot baths or intense direct heat.
• If the person is not breathing normally, start CPR and use an AED.