Anaphylaxis

Overview

Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can quickly affect breathing and circulation. Adrenaline is the first-line treatment and should be given as soon as anaphylaxis is recognised.

Signs and Symptoms

Anaphylaxis may include:

• Difficult or noisy breathing
• Swelling of the tongue or throat
• Wheeze, persistent cough, or voice change
• Pale, floppy, confused, or collapsed appearance
• Dizziness, faintness, or loss of consciousness

Skin signs such as hives or swelling may be present, but anaphylaxis can occur without a widespread rash.

First Aid

• Follow the person's ASCIA Action Plan if available.
• Give an adrenaline autoinjector into the mid-outer thigh without delay.
• Call 000 and say the person has anaphylaxis.
• Lay the person flat. If breathing is difficult, allow them to sit with legs outstretched.
• Do not allow them to stand or walk.
• If there is no improvement after about 5 minutes, give a second adrenaline autoinjector if available.
• If unconscious and breathing normally, place them in the recovery position.
• If not breathing normally, start CPR and use an AED.

Aftercare

The person needs ambulance care even if symptoms improve. Anaphylaxis can return after initial recovery.