Childbirth

Overview

Pregnancy is usually around 40 weeks. Labour has three stages: the cervix opens, the baby is born, and the placenta is delivered.

Call 000 for imminent birth, abnormal bleeding, severe pain, trauma, known complications, or any concern about mother or baby.

Assessment

Ask brief questions:

• How many weeks pregnant are you, or what is the due date?
• How far apart are contractions and how long do they last?
• Have the waters broken?
• Is there bleeding, severe headache, seizure, or major pain?
• Are there known complications or previous difficult births?

Prepare

• Provide privacy and reassurance.
• Help the mother into a comfortable position.
• Prepare towels, blankets, gloves if available, and a clean area.
• Keep the room warm and reduce unnecessary handling.

During Birth

• Encourage the mother to breathe and push with contractions if she feels the urge.
• Support the baby as they deliver, but do not pull.
• If the cord is around the neck and loose, ease it gently over the head; if unsure, wait for ambulance guidance.
• Do not cut the cord.
• Leave the placenta attached and keep it with the baby if delivered.

Newborn Care

• Dry the baby and gently stimulate by rubbing the back or feet.
• Keep the baby warm and close to the mother if safe.
• Ensure the airway is clear and check breathing.
• If the baby is not breathing normally, follow emergency dispatcher instructions and begin resuscitation as trained.